Core Java Laboratory

Course Code: CAS41M MP302
Course Name: Practical Based on Core Java

Pre-requisites: Knowledge of Programming Language C or C++ is helpful.

Course Objectives:

1.     To learn how to implement object-oriented designs with Java.

2.     To understand fundamentals of programming such as variables, conditional and iterative execution, methods, etc.

Course Outcomes:

At the end of this practical course, students will be able to:

• CO 1: Use an integrated development environment to write, compile, run, and test simple object-oriented Java programs.
• CO 2: Validate input effectively in a Java program.
• CO 3: Understand and apply the use of abstract classes.
• CO 4: Design and implement classes, objects, members of a class, and the relationships among them needed for a specific problem.

General Guidelines for Practical Sessions:

• Preparation: Review the relevant theoretical concepts from the Core Java (CAS41MML302) syllabus before attending each practical session.
• IDE Usage: All practicals should be implemented, compiled, and executed using a Java IDE. ( Write few programs in notepad compile and execute them on commad line.)
• Code Quality: Write clean, well-commented, and readable code. Use meaningful variable names and follow standard Java coding conventions.
• Input Validation: Where applicable, ensure your programs handle invalid user input gracefully.
• Demonstration: Be prepared to explain your code, its logic, and the output to the instructor.
• Record Keeping: Maintain a practical journal/file with problem statements, algorithms/logic, and source code for each practical.

List of Practical Exercises:

Sr. No	Practical Title	Key Concepts/Skills Covered
1	Broadcast a program to print "Hello World" on the screen.	Java Environment & Tools, Writing a Simple Java Program, System.out.println()
2	Implement the Java program to display various * patterns (e.g., triangle, square, pyramid).	Control Flow (for, while loops), Nested Loops, Basic Output
3	Broadcast the Java program to print the area and perimeter of a circle.	Data Types (double, float), Variables, Arithmetic Operators, User Input (Scanner), Math class
4	Create a Java program to add two binary numbers.	User Input, String Manipulation, Loops, Conditional Statements, Type Conversion (String to int/char), Basic Logic
5	Build a Java program to reverse a string.	Strings, String Manipulation, Loops, Character Access (charAt()), StringBuilder/StringBuffer
6	Program to count the letters, spaces, numbers, and other characters in a given string.	Strings, Loops, Conditional Statements (if-else if), Character Methods (Character.isLetter(), isDigit(), isSpaceChar())
7	Implement a Java function that calculates the sum of digits for a given character array representing a number.	Char Arrays, Loops, Type Conversion (char to int), Arithmetic Operations
8	Find the smallest and largest element from an array of integers.	1D Arrays, Loops, Conditional Statements, Array Traversal
9	Designed a class that demonstrates the use of constructors and the object lifecycle. *	Defining User-Defined Classes, Objects, Constructors (default, parameterized), this keyword, Object Initialization.
10	Program to implement single-level inheritance.	Inheritance Basics, Superclass, Subclass, super keyword, Method Overriding
11	Project: Develop a small Java application integrating concepts from Units 1-4.	Project Planning, OOP Design, Class Design, Inheritance, Exception Handling, String Manipulation, I/O

*Note on Practical 9: Constructor and Destructor

In Java, there is no direct equivalent to a C++ destructor. Java uses automatic garbage collection to manage memory and reclaim objects that are no longer referenced. Therefore, this practical will focus on demonstrating:

• How constructors are used to initialize objects when they are created.
• Understanding the object’s lifecycle in Java, from creation via new and constructors, to its eventual eligibility for garbage collection.
• The finalize() method: while present, it’s generally discouraged due to unpredictable execution and performance overhead, and not considered a true destructor.

Project Guidelines:

The project aims to consolidate your understanding of Core Java by developing a simple application. You will be expected to:

• Identify a Problem: Choose a small problem that can be solved using Java (e.g., a simple calculator, a student management system for a few entries , a simple inventory system).
• Design: Plan your classes, their attributes, and behaviors. Consider how OOP principles like encapsulation and inheritance can be applied.
• Implement: Write well-structured Java code for your application.
• Test: Ensure your application works as intended and handles various inputs.
• Document: Provide a brief report explaining your project’s purpose, design choices, and how to run it.